> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://anida-huang.gitbook.io/cloud-communication/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://anida-huang.gitbook.io/cloud-communication/qi-mo/20201222-kubernetes.md).
# 20201222 kubernetes (四)
## 課堂資料
{% embed url="" %}
{% embed url="" %}
{% embed url="" %}
### NFS
#### nfs 網路存儲、pod重啟後數據依在
* **第一步：**
* **install nfs-server**
* **設置掛載路徑**
* **掛載路徑需要創建出來**
* **第二步：在其他 node 也安裝 nfs**
* **第三步：啟動nfs-server**
* **第四步：在 k8s 集群部署應用使用 nfs 以持久網路儲存**
## 課堂練習
### NFS
{% tabs %}
{% tab title="vm1" %}
> #### 安裝 NFS **Server**
```
yum install nfs-utils
```
> #### 設定分享目錄
```
mkdir -p /var/nfsshare
```
```
chmod -R 777 /var/nfsshare/
```
> #### 開啟 /etc/exports 檔案
```
vim /etc/exports
```
{% hint style="info" %}
```
/data/ 192.168.8.0/24(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_all_squash)
/var/nfsshare/ 192.168.8.0/24(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_all_squash)
```
{% endhint %}
> #### 啟動 NFS Server, 設定開機自動執行及在 firewalld 開放 NFS
```
systemctl restart rpcbind
```
```
systemctl restart nfs-server
```
```
systemctl status rpcbind
```
```
systemctl status nfs-server
```
```
cd /var/nfsshare/
```
```
ls
```
```
touch 1 2 3
```
```
ls
```
```
cd
```
```
gedit pv.yaml pvc.yaml
```
{% hint style="info" %}
**pv.yaml**
```
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
name: my-pv
spec:
capacity:
storage: 5Gi
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
nfs:
path: /var/nfsshare/
server: 192.168.8.129
```
#### pvc.yaml
```
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: httpd-dep2
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: httpd
replicas: 1
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: httpd
spec:
containers:
- name: httpd
image: httpd:2.4.46
ports:
- containerPort: 80
volumeMounts:
- name: wwwroot
mountPath: /usr/local/apache2/htdocs
ports:
- containerPort: 80
volumes:
- name: wwwroot
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: my-pvc
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
name: my-pvc
spec:
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
resources:
requests:
storage: 5Gi
```
{% endhint %}
```
ls /var/nfsshare/
```
```
kubectl apply -f pv.yaml
```
```
kubectl get pv
```
```
cd /var/nfsshare/
```
```
ls
```
```
echo "hi" > hi.htm
```
```
cd
```
```
ls
```
```
kubectl apply -f pvc.yaml
```
```
kubectl get pods -o wide
```
```
kubectl get deployment
```
```
kubectl delete deployment httpd
```
```
kubectl get deployment
```
```
kubectl get pod -o wide
```
```
kubectl get deployment
```
```
kubectl describe deployment httpd-dep2
```
```
kubectl get pvc
```
```
kubectl get deployment
```
```
kubectl get deployment
```
```
kubectl get svc
```
```
kubectl delete svc httpd
```
```
kubectl delete svc httpd2
```
```
kubectl get svc
```
```
kubectl get pod
```
```
kubectl delete pod --all
```
```
kubectl get pod
```
```
kubectl describe deployment httpd-dep2
```
```
kubectl get pod -o wide
```
```
ls
```
```
kubectl get pvc
```
```
kubectl get deployment
```
```
kubectl describe deployment httpd-dep2
```
```
kubectl get pod
```
```
gedit pvc.yaml
```
{% hint style="info" %}
#### pvc.yaml
```
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: httpd-dep2
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: httpd
replicas: 1
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: httpd
spec:
containers:
- name: httpd
image: httpd:2.4.46
ports:
- containerPort: 80
# volumeMounts:
# - name: wwwroot
# mountPath: /usr/local/apache2/htdocs
# ports:
# - containerPort: 80
# volumes:
# - name: wwwroot
# persistentVolumeClaim:
# claimName: my-pvc
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
name: my-pvc
spec:
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
resources:
requests:
storage: 5Gi
```
{% endhint %}
```
kubectl apply -f pvc.yaml
```
```
kubectl get deployment
```
```
kubectl get pod
```
```
kubectl get pod -o wide
```
```
curl [podID]
```
```
gedit pvc.yaml
```
{% hint style="info" %}
#### pvc.yaml
```
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: httpd-dep2
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: httpd
replicas: 1
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: httpd
spec:
containers:
- name: httpd
image: httpd:2.4.46
ports:
- containerPort: 80
# volumeMounts:
# - name: wwwroot
# mountPath: /usr/local/apache2/htdocs
# ports:
# - containerPort: 80
volumes:
- name: wwwroot
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: my-pvc
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
name: my-pvc
spec:
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
resources:
requests:
storage: 5Gi
```
{% endhint %}
```
kubectl apply -f pvc.yaml
```
```
kubectl get deployment
```
```
kubectl get pod -o wide
```
```
curl [podID]
```
```
gedit pvc.yaml
```
{% hint style="info" %}
#### pvc.yaml
```
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: httpd-dep2
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: httpd
replicas: 1
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: httpd
spec:
containers:
- name: httpd
image: httpd:2.4.46
ports:
- containerPort: 80
# volumeMounts:
# - name: wwwroot
# mountPath: /usr/local/apache2/htdocs
ports:
- containerPort: 80
volumes:
- name: wwwroot
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: my-pvc
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
name: my-pvc
spec:
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
resources:
requests:
storage: 5Gi
```
{% endhint %}
```
kubectl apply -f pvc.yaml
```
```
kubectl get deployment
```
```
kubectl get pod -o wide
```
```
curl [podID]
```
```
kubectl get pod
```
```
kubectl exec [podName] -it -- bash
```
```
cd htdocs/
```
```
ls
```
```
pwd
```
```
exit
```
```
kubectl get svc
```
```
gedit pvc.yaml
```
{% hint style="info" %}
#### pvc.yaml
```
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: httpd-dep2
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: httpd
replicas: 1
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: httpd
spec:
containers:
- name: httpd
image: httpd:2.4.46
ports:
- containerPort: 80
volumeMounts:
- name: wwwroot
mountPath: /usr/local/apache2/htdocs
ports:
- containerPort: 80
volumes:
- name: wwwroot
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: my-pvc
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
name: my-pvc
spec:
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
resources:
requests:
storage: 5Gi
```
{% endhint %}
```
kubectl apply -f pvc.yaml
```
```
kubectl get deployment
```
```
kubectl get pod
```
```
kubectl get pods
```
```
kubectl describe deployment httpd-dep2
```
```
cd ..
```
```
ls
```
```
cd
```
```
mkdir pv
```
```
cd pv
```
```
gedit 1.yaml 2.yaml 3.yaml &
```
{% hint style="info" %}
#### 1.yaml
```
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
name: my-pv
spec:
capacity:
storage: 5Gi
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Recycle
storageClassName: test
nfs:
path: /var/nfsshare
server: 192.168.8.129
```
#### 2.yaml
```
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
name: my-pvc
spec:
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
resources:
requests:
storage: 1Gi
storageClassName: test
```
#### 3.yaml
```
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: task-pv-pod
spec:
volumes:
- name: task-pv-storage
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: my-pvc
containers:
- name: task-pv-container
image: httpd:2.4.46
ports:
- containerPort: 80
name: "http-server"
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: "/usr/local/apache2/htdocs"
name: task-pv-storage
```
{% endhint %}
```
kubectl apply -f 1.yaml
```
```
kubectl get pv
```
```
kubectl apply -f 2.yaml
```
```
kubectl get pvc
```
```
kubectl apply -f 3.yaml
```
```
kubectl get pod
```
```
kubectl get pod -o wide
```
```
cd /var/nfsshare/
```
```
ls
```
```
curl [podID]/hi.htm
```
```
echo "abc" > abc.htm
```
```
curl [podID]/abc.htm
```
```
ls
```
```
kubectl get pod
```
```
kubectl delete pod task-pv-pod
```
```
kubectl get pod
```
```
cd
```
```
cd pv
```
```
kubectl apply -f 3.yaml
```
```
kubectl get pod
```
```
kubectl get pod -o wide
```
```
curl [podID]/hi.htm
```
```
curl [podID]/abc.htm
```
{% endtab %}
{% tab title="vm2" %}
> #### 安裝 NFS**Client**
```
yum install nfs-utils
```
> #### 建立 NFS 目錄掛載點
```
mkdir -p /mnt/nfs/var/nfsshare
```
> #### mount 指令掛載 192.168.8.129分享出來的目錄
```
mount -t nfs 192.168.8.129:/var/nfsshare /mnt/nfs/var/nfsshare/
```
```
cd /mnt/nfs/var/nfsshare/
```
```
touch a b cd
```
```
ls
```
```
ls
```
```
cd
```
```
umount /mnt/nfs/var/nfsshare/
```
```
ls /mnt/nfs/var/nfsshare/
```
```
docker images
```
{% endtab %}
{% tab title="vm3" %}
> #### 安裝 NFS**Client**
```
yum install nfs-utils
```
> #### 建立 NFS 目錄掛載點
```
mkdir -p /mnt/nfs/var/nfsshare
```
> #### mount 指令掛載 192.168.8.129分享出來的目錄
```
mount -t nfs 192.168.8.129:/var/nfsshare /mnt/nfs/var/nfsshare/
```
```
cd /mnt/nfs/var/nfsshare/
```
```
ls
```
```
cd
```
```
umount /mnt/nfs/var/nfsshare/
```
```
ls /mnt/nfs/var/nfsshare/
```
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}
### ConfigMap
{% tabs %}
{% tab title="vm1" %}
```
cd
```
```
mkdir /cm
```
```
cd cm
```
```
gedit myconfigmap.yaml
```
{% hint style="info" %}
```
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: cm-demo
namespace: default
data:
data.1: hello
data.2: world
config: |
property.1=value-1
property.2=value-2
property.3=value-3
```
{% endhint %}
```
cd testcm
```
```
gedit mysql.conf redis.conf
```
{% hint style="info" %}
#### mysql.conf
```
host=127.0.0.1
port=3306
```
#### redis.conf
```
host=127.0.0.1
port=6379
```
{% endhint %}
```
cat mysql.conf
```
```
cat redis.conf
```
```
cd ..
```
```
kubectl create configmap cm-demo1 --from-file=testcm
```
```
kubectl get cm
```
```
kubectl describe cm cm-demo1
```
```
kubectl create configmap cm-demo3 --from-literal=db.host=localhost --from-literal=db.port=3306
```
```
kubectl get cm
```
```
kubectl describe cm cm-demo3
```
```
gedit testpod.yaml
```
{% hint style="info" %}
```
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: testcm1-pod
spec:
containers:
- name: testcm
image: busybox
command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "env" ]
env:
- name: DB_HOST
valueFrom:
configMapKeyRef:
name: cm-demo3
key: db.host
- name: DB_PORT
valueFrom:
configMapKeyRef:
name: cm-demo3
key: db.port
envFrom:
- configMapRef:
name: cm-demo1
```
{% endhint %}
```
kubectl apply -f testpod.yaml
```
```
kubectl get pod
```
```
kubectl delete pod --all
```
```
gedit testpod.yaml
```
{% hint style="info" %}
```
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: testcm2-pod
spec:
containers:
- name: testcm2
image: busybox
command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "echo $(DB_HOST) $(DB_PORT)" ]
env:
- name: DB_HOST
valueFrom:
configMapKeyRef:
name: cm-demo3
key: db.host
- name: DB_PORT
valueFrom:
configMapKeyRef:
name: cm-demo3
key: db.port
```
{% endhint %}
```
kubectl apply -f testpod.yaml
```
```
kubectl get pod
```
```
kubectl logs testcm2-pod
```
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}